2026
Mitigating 51% Attacks in Blockchain Systems Through Early Detection and Checkpoint-Based Defense
V. R. Kebande. Research manuscript.
Scholarship
Publications and scholarly works
Peer-reviewed journal articles and current research manuscripts spanning digital forensics, IoT/IIoT security, artificial intelligence, secure distributed systems, blockchain and cryptography.
Current work
Research manuscripts and preprints
2026
The End of AI Exponentiation: Fluttering Inside and Outside the AI Bubble
V. R. Kebande. Research manuscript.
2026
AoNT Trap: Borromean-Entangled Mutable Chameleon Trapdoor Hash All-or-Nothing Stream Cipher
V. R. Kebande. Research manuscript.
2026
Stringology-Based Cryptanalysis for EChaCha20 Stream Cipher
V. R. Kebande. Research manuscript.
2026
Neural Stringology Based Cryptanalysis of EChaCha20
V. R. Kebande. Research manuscript.
Peer reviewed
Journal articles
2026
2026
The End of Pretraining for Large Language Models: The Future of Agentic and AI Reasoning Beyond Peak Data
V. R. Kebande. Computer, 59(3), 60–69.
2026
A 12-Step Process for Industrial Internet of Things Forensics
V. R. Kebande. IT Professional, 28(4), 95–102.
2026
SHIODEG: A Hybrid Success-History Intelligent Optimization Algorithm for Engineering Design Problems
S. Alawadi, H. N. Fakhouri, F. Alkhabbas, V. R. Kebande, F. M. Awaysheh, and A. Cheddad. The Journal of Supercomputing, 82, 282.
2025
2025
Digital Sovereignty for Collaborative AI Engineering: A Survey
V. S. S. A. Daliparthi, K. Tutschku, V. R. Kebande, and N. Momen. IEEE Access, 13, 216438–216465.
2025
Quantum Computing in Industrial Internet of Things Forensics: Framework, Implications, Opportunities, and Future Directions
V. R. Kebande. WIREs Forensic Science, 7(3), e70013.
2025
Standardizing Industrial Internet of Things Forensic Processes
V. R. Kebande and R. A. Ikuesan. Security and Privacy, 8(1), e485.
2025
Identification of Spambots and Fake Followers on Social Networks via Interpretable AI-Based Machine Learning
D. Javed, N. Z. Jhanjhi, N. A. Khan, S. K. Ray, A. Al-Dhaqm, and V. R. Kebande. IEEE Access.
2024
2024
Industrial Internet of Things Ecosystems Security and Digital Forensics: Achievements, Open Challenges, and Future Directions
V. R. Kebande and A. I. Awad. ACM Computing Surveys.
2024
A Systematic Literature Review of Deep Learning Approaches for Sketch-Based Image Retrieval: Datasets, Metrics, and Future Directions
F. Yang, N. A. Ismail, Y. Y. Pang, V. R. Kebande, A. Al-Dhaqm, and T. W. Koh. IEEE Access.
2024
FedCSD: A Federated Learning-Based Approach for Code-Smell Detection
S. Alawadi, K. Alkharabsheh, F. Alkhabbas, V. R. Kebande, F. M. Awaysheh, F. Palomba, and M. Awad. IEEE Access.
2023
2023
Beyond Random Noise: Insights on Anonymization Strategies from a Latent Bandit Study
A. Galozy, S. Alawadi, V. Kebande, and S. Nowaczyk. arXiv:2310.00221.
2023
Forecasting and Trading of Stable Cryptocurrencies with Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms for Market Analytics
H. Shamshad, F. Ullah, A. Ullah, V. R. Kebande, S. Ullah, and A. Al-Dhaqm. IEEE Access.
2023
Extended-ChaCha20 Stream Cipher with Enhanced Quarter Round Function
V. R. Kebande. IEEE Access.
2023
Towards Efficient Privacy and Trust in a Decentralized Blockchain-Based Peer-to-Peer Renewable Energy Marketplace
R. V. Tkachuk, D. Ilie, R. Robert, V. R. Kebande, and K. Tutschku. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 101146.
2023
On the Performance and Scalability of Consensus Mechanisms in a Privacy-Enabled Decentralized Renewable Energy Marketplace
R. V. Tkachuk, D. Ilie, R. Robert, K. Tutschku, and V. R. Kebande. Annals of Telecommunications.
2023
The Concept of Interactive Dynamic Intelligent Virtual Sensors: Bridging the Gap Between Sensors, Services, and Users Through Machine Learning
J. A. Persson, J. Bugeja, P. Davidsson, J. Holmberg, V. R. Kebande, et al. Applied Sciences, 13(11), 6516.
2023
Non-Pattern-Based Anomaly Detection in Time-Series
V. Tkach, A. Kudin, V. R. Kebande, O. Baranovskyi, and I. Kudin. Electronics, 12(3), 721.
2022
2022
ASSERT: A Blockchain-Based Architectural Approach for Engineering Secure Self-Adaptive IoT Systems
F. Alkhabbas, M. Alsadi, S. Alawadi, F. M. Awaysheh, V. R. Kebande, and M. T. Moghaddam. Sensors, 22(18), 6842.
2022
Error Level Analysis Technique for Identifying JPEG Block Unique Signatures for Digital Forensic Analysis
N. A. N. Azhan, R. A. Ikuesan, S. A. Razak, and V. R. Kebande. Electronics, 11(9), 1468.
2022
Industrial Internet of Things Forensics: The Forgotten Concept in the Race Towards Industry 4.0
V. R. Kebande. Forensic Science International: Reports, 5, 100257.
2022
A Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms on Design Smell Detection Using Balanced and Imbalanced Datasets: A Study of God Class
K. Alkharabsheh, S. Alawadi, V. R. Kebande, Y. Crespo, M. Fernández-Delgado, and J. A. Taboada. Information and Software Technology, 143, 106736.
2022
Finite State Machine for Cloud Forensic Readiness as a Service Events
V. R. Kebande and K. K. R. Choo. Security and Privacy, 5(1), e182.
2021
2021
Digital Forensics Subdomains: The State of the Art and Future Directions
A. Al-Dhaqm, R. A. Ikuesan, V. R. Kebande, S. A. Razak, G. Grispos, K. K. R. Choo, et al. IEEE Access, 9, 152476–152502.
2021
A Blockchain-Based Multi-Factor Authentication Model for a Cloud-Enabled Internet of Vehicles
V. R. Kebande, F. M. Awaysheh, R. A. Ikuesan, S. A. Alawadi, and M. D. Alshehri. Sensors, 21(18), 6018.
2021
A Review of Security Standards and Frameworks for IoT-Based Smart Environments
N. M. Karie, N. M. Sahri, W. Yang, C. Valli, and V. R. Kebande. IEEE Access, 9, 121975–121995.
2021
Research Challenges and Opportunities in Drone Forensics Models
A. Al-Dhaqm, R. A. Ikuesan, V. R. Kebande, S. Razak, and F. M. Ghabban. Electronics, 10(13), 1519.
2021
Digital Forensic Readiness Intelligence Crime Repository
V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, K. K. R. Choo, and S. Alawadi. Security and Privacy, 4(3), e151.
2021
Digital Forensic Readiness in Operational Cloud Leveraging ISO/IEC 27043 Guidelines on Security Monitoring
S. Makura, H. S. Venter, V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, R. A. Ikuesan, and S. Alawadi. Security and Privacy, 4(3), e149.
2021
Realising a Push-Button Modality for Video-Based Forensics
B. Zawali, R. A. Ikuesan, V. R. Kebande, S. Furnell, and A. Al-Dhaqm. Infrastructures, 6(4), 54.
2021
Active Machine Learning Adversarial Attack Detection in the User Feedback Process
V. R. Kebande, S. Alawadi, F. M. Awaysheh, and J. A. Persson. IEEE Access, 9, 36908–36923.
2021
Real-Time Monitoring as a Supplementary Security Component of Vigilantism in Modern Network Environments
V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, and R. A. Ikuesan. International Journal of Information Technology, 13, 5–17.
2020
2020
Quantifying the Need for Supervised Machine Learning in Conducting Live Forensic Analysis of Emergent Configurations in IoT Environments
V. R. Kebande, R. A. Ikuesan, N. M. Karie, S. Alawadi, K. K. R. Choo, and A. Al-Dhaqm. Forensic Science International: Reports, 2, 100122.
2020
Ontology-Driven Perspective of Cloud Forensic Readiness as a Service
V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, R. A. Ikuesan, and H. S. Venter. WIREs Forensic Science, 2(5), e1372.
2020
Holistic Digital Forensic Readiness Framework for IoT-Enabled Organizations
V. R. Kebande, P. P. Mudau, R. A. Ikuesan, H. S. Venter, and K. K. R. Choo. Forensic Science International: Reports, 2, 100117.
2020
Mapping Digital Forensic Application Requirement Specification to an International Standard
V. R. Kebande, S. O. Baror, R. M. Parizi, K. K. R. Choo, and H. S. Venter. Forensic Science International: Reports, 2, 100137.
2020
A Review of Mobile Forensic Investigation Process Models
A. Al-Dhaqm, S. A. Razak, R. A. Ikuesan, V. R. Kebande, and K. Siddique. IEEE Access, 8, 173359–173375.
2020
Towards the Development of an Integrated Incident Response Model for Database Forensic Investigation
A. Al-Dhaqm, S. A. Razak, K. Siddique, R. A. Ikuesan, and V. R. Kebande. IEEE Access, 8, 145018–145032.
2020
Categorization and Organization of Database Forensic Investigation Processes
A. Al-Dhaqm, S. A. Razak, D. A. Dampier, K. K. R. Choo, K. Siddique, R. A. Ikuesan, et al. IEEE Access, 8, 112846–112858.
2019
2019
On the Importance of Standardising the Process of Generating Digital Forensic Reports
N. M. Karie, V. R. Kebande, H. S. Venter, and K. K. R. Choo. Forensic Science International: Reports, 1, 100008.
2019
Diverging Deep Learning Cognitive Computing Techniques into Cyber Forensics
N. M. Karie, V. R. Kebande, and H. S. Venter. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 1, 61–67.
2019
A Comparative Analysis of Digital Forensic Readiness Models Using CFRaaS as a Baseline
V. R. Kebande and H. S. Venter. WIREs Forensic Science, 1(6), e1350.
2019
CFRaaS: Architectural Design of a Cloud Forensic Readiness as-a-Service Model Using NMB Solution as a Forensic Agent
V. R. Kebande and H. S. Venter. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 11(6), 749–769.
2018 and earlier
2018
On Digital Forensic Readiness in the Cloud Using a Distributed Agent-Based Solution: Issues and Challenges
V. R. Kebande and H. S. Venter. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 50(2), 209–238.
2018
Functional Requirements for Adding Digital Forensic Readiness as a Security Component in IoT Environments
V. R. Kebande and N. M. Karie. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 8(1), 48–60.
2018
Knowledge Management as a Strategic Asset in Digital Forensic Investigations
N. M. Karie and V. R. Kebande. International Journal of Cyber-Security and Digital Forensics, 7(1), 10–20.
2018
A UML-Based Approach for Analysing Potential Digital Forensic Evidence
V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, I. Kigwana, and H. S. Venter. International Journal of Cyber-Security and Digital Forensics, 7(4).
2017
Novel Digital Forensic Readiness Technique in the Cloud Environment
V. R. Kebande and H. S. Venter. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences.
2017
Onto-Engineering: A Conceptual Framework for Integrating Requirements Engineering with Digital Forensics Ontologies
L. M. Maake, V. R. Kebande, and N. M. Karie. International Journal of Cyber-Security and Digital Forensics, 6(2), 73–83.
2016
An Approach for Estimating Forensic Data Provenance of an Object in the Cloud Using One-Dimensional Successive Bisection
V. R. Kebande and N. M. Karie. International Journal of Computer Applications, 140(1), 34–39.
2016
A Mobile Forensic Readiness Model Aimed at Minimizing Cyberbullying
V. R. Kebande, N. M. Karie, and S. Omeleze. International Journal of Computer Applications, 140(1), 28–33.
2015
A Framework for Integrating Multimodal Biometrics with Digital Forensics
V. R. Kebande and N. M. Karie. International Journal of Cyber-Security and Digital Forensics, 4(4), 498–507.
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